We are all aware that our immune systems protect us from harmful pathogens, and many of us are also aware that plants have immune systems not unlike ours. One of the most prevalent diseases in the human world, diabetes, is caused by an overactive immune system. Over the years, we have come to understand our own immune system and the consequences of its overexertion, but what about the plants?

When a plant’s immune system overreacts to a pathogen, seed production and growth are both drastically reduced. Researchers at the University of Missouri have been researching immune system suppressors to help breeders create more productive plants. Their research focused on the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana, but their research will affect far more than one particular plant species.

The researchers understood that the stunted growth and lackluster seed production was due to an overactive effector-triggered immune response (ETI). In this particular immune response, a plant detects a pathogen and sends resistance proteins to defend the plant. In order to minimize side effects while maximizing protection, the resistance proteins are regulated by suppressors. However, ETI is often over activated, resulting in the negative consequences.

In the study, the researchers examined plants with strong immune systems that stemmed from genetic mutations. By scrutinizing the mutation, they were able to discover particular genetic components that may negatively regulate the immune system, resulting in a more appropriate immune response.

By better understanding plants’ immune systems, we will be able to effectively optimize plants’ immune systems, resulting in better growth and seed production.

Discussion Question: Aside from an overactive immune system, what other reasons do you think there could be for stunted growth or poor seed production for infected plants?

News Article: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090527121045.htm
Journal Article: http://pt.wkhealth.com/pt/re/plnt/abstract.